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Zephaniah 1:5

Malcham
Faith

3 I will consume man and beast; I will consume the fowls of the heaven, and the fishes of the sea, and the stumblingblocks with the wicked; and I will cut off man from off the land, saith the LORD.

4 I will also stretch out mine hand upon Judah, and upon all the inhabitants of Jerusalem; and I will cut off the remnant of Baal from this place, and the name of the Chemarims with the priests;

And them that worship the host of heaven upon the housetops; and them that worship and that swear by the LORD, and that swear by Malcham;

6 And them that are turned back from the LORD; and those that have not sought the LORD, nor enquired for him.

7 Hold thy peace at the presence of the Lord GOD: for the day of the LORD is at hand: for the LORD hath prepared a sacrifice, he hath bid his guests.

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This was said to Israel at a particular time, so it is wise to read it together with the surrounding text. Do read the surrounding verses too, because the context often says more than a single verse.

Compare

BSB
those who bow on the rooftops to worship the host of heaven, those who bow down and swear by the LORD but also swear by Milcom,
KJV
And them that worship the host of heaven upon the housetops; and them that worship and that swear by the LORD, and that swear by Malcham;
WEB
those who worship the army of the sky on the housetops, those who worship and swear by the LORD and also swear by Malcam,
ASV
and them that worship the host of heaven upon the housetops; and them that worship, that swear to Jehovah and swear by Malcam;
DARBY
and them that bow down to the host of the heavens upon the housetops; and them that bow down to Jehovah, that swear by [him], and swear by Malcham;
BLB
and those bowing down on the housetops to the host of the heavens, and those bowing down swearing to YHWH, and swearing to Milcom,
ÅB
og dem som på takene tilber himmelens hær, og dem som tilber Herren og sverger ham troskap, men på samme tid sverger ved sin konge[^1],
OTB
De som bøyer seg på hustakene for himmelens hær,
og de som bøyer seg og sverger ved Herren og også sverger ved Milkom,
B1930
og dem som på takene tilbeder himmelens hær, og dem som tilbeder Herren og sverger ham troskap, men på samme tid sverger ved sin konge, / < JER 49, 1.>

Study notes (Tyndale)

Original text and word study

Cross references

  • 2 Kings 17:33

    They feared the LORD, and served their own gods, after the manner of the nations whom they carried away from thence.

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  • Jeremiah 19:13

    And the houses of Jerusalem, and the houses of the kings of Judah, shall be defiled as the place of Tophet, because of all the houses upon whose roofs they have burned incense unto all the host of heaven, and have poured out drink offerings unto other gods.

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  • 1 Kings 18:21

    And Elijah came unto all the people, and said, How long halt ye between two opinions? if the LORD be God, follow him: but if Baal, then follow him. And the people answered him not a word.

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  • 1 Kings 11:33

    Because that they have forsaken me, and have worshipped Ashtoreth the goddess of the Zidonians, Chemosh the god of the Moabites, and Milcom the god of the children of Ammon, and have not walked in my ways, to do that which is right in mine eyes, and to keep my statutes and my judgments, as did David his father.

    Read in context

  • 2 Kings 23:12

    And the altars that were on the top of the upper chamber of Ahaz, which the kings of Judah had made, and the altars which Manasseh had made in the two courts of the house of the LORD, did the king beat down, and brake them down from thence, and cast the dust of them into the brook Kidron.

    Read in context

  • 2 Kings 17:41

    So these nations feared the LORD, and served their graven images, both their children, and their children’s children: as did their fathers, so do they unto this day.

    Read in context

  • Joshua 23:7

    That ye come not among these nations, these that remain among you; neither make mention of the name of their gods, nor cause to swear by them, neither serve them, nor bow yourselves unto them:

    Read in context

  • Jeremiah 4:2

    And thou shalt swear, The LORD liveth, in truth, in judgment, and in righteousness; and the nations shall bless themselves in him, and in him shall they glory.

    Read in context