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Exodus 22:11

9 In all cases of illegal possession of an ox, a donkey, a sheep, a garment, or any lost item that someone claims, ‘This is mine,’ both parties shall bring their cases before the judges. The one whom the judges find guilty must pay back double to his neighbor.

10 If a man gives a donkey, an ox, a sheep, or any other animal to be cared for by his neighbor, but it dies or is injured or stolen while no one is watching,

an oath before the LORD shall be made between the parties to determine whether or not the man has taken his neighbor’s property. The owner must accept the oath and require no restitution.

12 But if the animal was actually stolen from the neighbor, he must make restitution to the owner.

13 If the animal was torn to pieces, he shall bring it as evidence; he need not make restitution for the torn carcass.

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This was said to Israel at a particular time, so it is wise to read it together with the surrounding text. Do read the surrounding verses too, because the context often says more than a single verse.

Compare

BSB
an oath before the LORD shall be made between the parties to determine whether or not the man has taken his neighbor’s property. The owner must accept the oath and require no restitution.
KJV
Then shall an oath of the LORD be between them both, that he hath not put his hand unto his neighbour’s goods; and the owner of it shall accept thereof, and he shall not make it good.
WEB
the oath of the LORD shall be between them both, he has not put his hand on his neighbor’s goods; and its owner shall accept it, and he shall not make restitution.
ASV
the oath of Jehovah shall be between them both, whether he hath not put his hand unto his neighbor`s goods; and the owner thereof shall accept it, and he shall not make restitution.
DARBY
an oath of Jehovah shall be between them both, that he hath not put his hand unto his neighbour's goods; and the owner of it shall accept it, and he shall not make [it] good.
BLB
an oath of YHWH shall be between the two of them—that he has not stretched out his hand against the property of his neighbor, and its owner shall accept [this] and he shall not repay.
ÅB
da skal ed ved Herren skille mellom dem og avgjøre om han ikke har forgrepet seg på sin nestes eiendom, og eieren skal ta eden for god, og den andre skal ikke gi noe vederlag.
OTB
skal en ed for Herren avlegges av begge parter om at naboen ikke la hånd på den andres eiendom. Eieren må akseptere dette, og ingen oppgjør kreves.
B1930
da skal ed ved Herren skille mellem dem og avgjøre om han ikke har forgrepet sig på sin næstes eiendom, og eieren skal ta eden for god, og den andre skal ikke gi noget vederlag.

Study notes (Tyndale)

Original text and word study

Cross references

  • Hebrews 6:16

    Men swear by someone greater than themselves, and their oath serves as a confirmation to end all argument.

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  • Exodus 22:8

    If the thief is not found, the owner of the house must appear before the judges to determine whether he has taken his neighbor’s property.

    Read in context

  • Proverbs 30:9

    Otherwise, I may have too much and deny You, saying, ‘Who is the LORD?’ Or I may become poor and steal, profaning the name of my God.

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  • Leviticus 6:3

    or finds lost property and lies about it and swears falsely, or if he commits any such sin that a man might commit—

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  • Exodus 23:1

    “You shall not spread a false report. Do not join the wicked by being a malicious witness.

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  • Leviticus 5:1

    “If someone sins by failing to testify when he hears a public charge about something he has witnessed, whether he has seen it or learned of it, he shall bear the iniquity.

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  • 1 Kings 2:42–43

    the king summoned Shimei and said to him, “Did I not make you swear by the LORD and warn you, ‘On the day you leave and go elsewhere, know for sure that you will die’? And you told me, ‘The sentence is fair; I will comply.’

    Read in context